Fig. 2

Outcome effects of each of the six types of interventions on overall motor and cognitive functions. Positive findings refer to significant pre-to-post improvements of performance in one or more of the four main motor outcome measures (i.e. mobility, strength, balance, and psychomotor speed) and one or more of the five main cognitive outcome measures (i.e., attention, processing speed, memory, inhibition, and dual-task cost). Negative findings indicate the number of incidences where no significant gains on the abovementioned outcome measures were found. For specific performance gains see Fig. 3 (motor) and Fig. 4 (cognitive)