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Table 3 Relationships between KDM biological age acceleration, phenotypic age acceleration, and telomere length with all-cause mortality in the UK Biobank subjective (n = 105705) and objective (n = 42006) physical activity measurement datasets

From: Optimal lifestyle patterns for delaying ageing and reducing all-cause mortality: insights from the UK Biobank

Acceleration of biological age

HR (95% CI)

Subjective physical activity dataset

Objective physical activity dataset

KDM-age acceleration a

  

Model 1

  

 KDM-age acceleration, continuous (per standard deviation)

1.384*** (1.349, 1.419)

1.402*** (1.338, 1.369)

 KDM-age acceleration, categorical

  

  |KDM-age acceleration| ≤ 1

1.000

1.000

  KDM-age acceleration < − 1

0.819*** (0.755, 0.889)

0.724*** (0.626, 0.838)

  KDM-age acceleration > 1

1.431*** (1.319, 1.551)

1.257*** (1.086, 1.454)

Model 2

  

 KDM-age acceleration, continuous (per standard deviation)

1.308*** (1.273, 1.344)

1.296*** (1.232, 1.364)

 KDM-age acceleration, categorical

  

  |KDM-age acceleration| ≤ 1

1.000

1.000

  KDM-age acceleration < − 1

0.871** (0.802, 0.946)

0.748*** (0.646, 0.866)

  KDM-age acceleration > 1

1.334*** (1.229, 1.447)

1.213** (1.048, 1.404)

Phenotypic age acceleration b

  

Model 1

  

 Phenoage acceleration, continuous (per standard deviation)

1.405*** (1.373, 1.438)

1.383*** (1.325, 1.444)

 Phenoage acceleration, categorical

  

  |Phenoage acceleration| ≤ 1

1.000

1.000

  Phenoage acceleration < − 1

0.829*** (0.765, 0.899)

0.761*** (0.656, 0.882)

  Phenoage acceleration > 1

1.477*** (1.367, 1.597)

1.382*** (1.198, 1.595)

Model 2

  

 Phenoage acceleration, continuous (per standard deviation)

1.331*** (1.299, 1.364)

1.283*** (1.225, 1.344)

 Phenoage acceleration, categorical

  

  |Phenoage acceleration| ≤ 1

1.000

1.000

  Phenoage acceleration < − 1

0.867*** (0.799, 0.940)

0.807** (0.696, 0.937)

  Phenoage acceleration > 1

1.359*** (1.256, 1.469)

1.238** (1.071, 1.430)

Telomere length c

  

Model 1 d

  

 Telomere length, continuous (per standard deviation)

0.934*** (0.909, 0.961)

0.837*** (0.796, 0.881)

 Telomere length, categorical

  

  |Telomere length| ≤ 1

1.000

1.000

  Telomere length < − 1

1.419*** (1.325, 1.520)

1.289*** (1.127, 1.474)

  Telomere length > 1

0.769*** (0.706, 0.839)

0.797** (0.681, 0.933)

Model 2 e

  

 Telomere length, continuous (per standard deviation)

0.946*** (0.919, 0.972)

0.905*** (0.859, 0.953)

 Telomere length, categorical

  

  |Telomere length| ≤ 1

1.000

1.000

  Telomere length < − 1

1.251*** (1.168, 1.340)

1.226*** (1.072, 1.402)

  Telomere length > 1

0.861*** (0.790, 0.939)

0.837* (0.716, 0.980)

  1. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001
  2. a Refers to the difference between KDM age and actual age
  3. b Refers to the difference between Phenotypic age and actual age
  4. c Technically adjusted leukocyte telomere lengths were both log-transformed to obtain a normal distribution and Z-standardized according to the distribution of all individuals in the UK Biobank for whom telomere length measurements were performed
  5. d Model 1 adjusts for age and gender. The non-linear term for age was adjusted for models where there was a non-linear effect of age
  6. e Model 2 adjusted for age, sex, dietary inflammatory index, physical activity, sleep, Townsend deprivation index, employment status, educational qualification, ethnicity, smoking status, frequency of alcohol consumption, body mass index, UK Biobank Reception Centre, and disease status. The non-linear term for age was adjusted for models where there was a non-linear effect of age
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European Review of Aging and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1861-6909

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