Table 3 Mean differences in the intention-to-treat sample between pre and post assessments of decliners and non-decliner in IG and CG

MMSE

(post–pre)

-0.3 (0.2)

0.225–0.933

0.351–0.874

0.000–0.003

-0.2 (0.3)

-3.6 (0.3),

71 (44)

2.5 (0.3),

90 (56)

 < 0.001

0.1 (0.4)

-4.0 (0.4),

64 (41)

2.9 (0.3),

94 (59)

 < 0.001

RWT_animals

(post–pre)

-0.4 (0.2)

0.536–0.954

0.481–0.909

0.000–0.002

-0.4 (0.3)

-2.9 (0.2),

78 (49)

2.1 (0.2),

83 (51)

 < 0.001

-0.4 (0.3)

-2.9 (0.3),

76 (48)

2.0 (0.3),

82 (52)

 < 0.001

CDT

(post–pre)

-0.1 (0.1)

0.336–0.823

0.215–0.639

0.000–0.005

-0.1 (0.1)

-1.5 (0.1),

59 (37)

0.7 (0.1),

102 (63)

 < 0.001

-0.2 (0.1)

-1.5 (0.1),

52 (33)

0.5 (0.1),

106 (67)

 < 0.001

TMT

(pre-post)

8.4 (2.5)

0.521–0.984

0.342–0.953

0.000–0.003

7.7 (3.3)

-31.9 (4.7),

46 (29)

23.6 (3.4),

115 (71)

 < 0.001

9.2 (3.5)

-33.5 (4.1),

42 (27)

24.5 (3.2),

116 (73)

 < 0.001

DS_for

(post–pre)

0.1 (0.1)

0.277–0.919

0.115–0.610

0.001–0.007

0.2 (0.1)

-1.4 (0.1),

45 (28)

0.7 (0.1),

116 (72)

 < 0.001

0.0 (0.1)

-1.4 (0.1),

49 (31)

0.6 (0.1),

109 (69)

 < 0.001

DS_back

(post–pre)

0.2 (0.1)

0.035–0.531¹

0.323–0.990

0.000–0.003

0.2 (0.1)

-1.2 (0.1),

37 (23)

0.7 (0.1),

124 (77)

 < 0.001

0.2 (0.1)

-1.2 (0.1),

45 (29)

0.8 (0.1),

113 (71)

 < 0.001

CVLT

(post–pre)

0.8 (0.3)

0.349–0.922

0.375–0.981

0.000–0.002

0.6 (0.4)

-4.0 (0.4),

62 (39)

3.5 (0.3),

99 (61)

 < 0.001

0.9 (0.4)

-3.1 (0.3),

62 (39)

3.4 (0.3),

96 (61)

 < 0.001