The effect of exercise-induced muscle fatigue on gait parameters among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Voorn, Paul Benjamin; Oomen, Remco; Buczny, Jacek; Bossen, Daniël; Visser, Bart; Pijnappels, Mirjam

doi:10.1186/s11556-025-00370-1

European Review of Aging and Physical Activity

Table 1 Summary of findings table. Alphabetically ordered

From: The effect of exercise-induced muscle fatigue on gait parameters among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study details			Participants			Fatiguing exercise			Outcomes
Author, year	Study design	Overall Risk of bias	N (group label)	Sex (% female)	Age (years)	Fatiguing task	Duration (min)	(Perceived) intensity	Walking task	Cluster	#Effect Sizes per cluster (of which significant)
Arvin et al.,, 2015 [60]	pre-post	Low	17	71	73,2	Hip—Abduction (unilateral)	2,94	> 8 a	Treadmill	DB	6
										Reg	3 (2)
										ST	1
Baptista et al., 2020 [61]	pre-post	Low	33	100	70,5	Stair climbing and descending	NI	NI	Overground at 6-m long walkway	ST	4
Baptista et al., 2020 [61]	pre-post	Low	33	100	70,5	Stair climbing and descending	NI	NI	Overground at 6-m long walkway	Vel	2
Barbieri et al., 2014 [62]	pre-post	Low	20 (G60)	0	64	Bilateral sit-to-stand	4,8	18.6 b	Overground (barefoot) at 8-m long walkway	DB	1 (1)
										ST	2 (2)
										Vel	1 (1)
			20 (G700)	0	74,5	Bilateral sit-to-stand	3	17.4 b	Overground (barefoot) at 8-m long walkway	DB	1 (1)
										ST	2 (2)
										Vel	1 (1)
Chen & Chou, 2022 [63]	pre-post	Moderate	17	52,9	69,5	Bilateral sit-to-stand	17,36	17.6 b	Overground walking for 2 min at an oval with 15-m straight walkway	DB	3
Chen & Chou, 2022 [63]	pre-post	Moderate	17	52,9	69,5	Bilateral sit-to-stand	17,36	17.6 b		Vel	1
Da Rocha et al., 2018 [64]	pre-post	Low	15 (active)	80	67	Walking: self selected speed	30	NI	Treadmill	DB	1
			15 (active)	80	67	Walking: self selected speed	30	NI	Treadmill	ST	6 (1)
			15 (sedentary)	100	68	Walking: self selected speed	30	NI	Treadmill	DB	1
			15 (sedentary)	100	68	Walking: self selected speed	30	NI	Treadmill	ST	6 (1)
Donath et al., 2013 [15]	pre-post	Low	19 (day 1)	52,6	64,6	Walking: maximal exhaustive ramp like exercise on a treadmill	22,8	9.5 a	Overground 3 times at 12-m long walkway	DB	1
										Reg	2
										ST	3
										Sym	1
			19 (day 2 or 3)	52,6	64,6	Walking: submaximal 2-km exercise test	27,7	4a	Overground 3 times at 12-m long walkway	DB	1
										Reg	2
										ST	3
										Sym	1
Drum et al., 2016 [65]	Prolonged activity	Low	36	44,4	62	Walking: treadmill (incline) walk	40	2.1 a	Treadmill	Reg	2
										ST	3
										Sym	1
Egerton, Brauer & Cresswell, 2009 [66]	pre-post	Low	10 (balance impaired)	80	81,6	Functional mobility tasks	14	3.46 a (leg muscle only)	Overground at 8-m long walkway	Reg	2
										ST	2 (1)
										Sym	1
										Vel	1
			10 (Healthy old)	60	71,2	Functional mobility tasks	14	1.89 a (leg muscle only)	Overground at 8-m long walkway	Reg	2
										ST	2
										Sym	1
										Vel	1
Elhadi et al., 2017 [67]	pre-post	Moderate	14 (A)	35,6	69,5	Walking: self selected speed	30	1.1 a	Overground at 8-m long walkway	LLK	46
										ST	7
										Vel	1
							60	1.4 a	Overground at 8-m long walkway	LLK	46 (4)
										ST	7
										Vel	1
			10 (B)	30	70	Walking: self selected speed	30	3.6 a	Overground at 8-m long walkway	LLK	46 (4)
										ST	7 (5)
										Vel	1
							60	4.2 a	Overground at 8-m long walkway	LLK	46 (11)
										ST	7 (6)
										Vel	1
Elhadi et al., 2018 [68]	pre-post	Low	15	21,4	71,6	Walking: self selected speed	30	2.5 a	Overground at 8-m long walkway	LLK	30 (8)
										ST	7
										Vel	1
							60	3.4 a	Overground at 8-m long walkway	LLK	30 (11)
										ST	7 (2)
										Vel	1
Granacher et al., 2010 [69]	pre-post	Low	16	50	71,9	Isokinetic knee flexion and extension	NI	16.1 b	Overground at 10-m long walkway	Reg	1 (1)
										ST	1
										Vel	1
Hamacher et al., 2016 [70]	pre-post	Low	18	NI	69	Cycle ergometer submaximal task	NI	until submaximal exhaustion (18 b)	Treadmill	DB	1 (1)
Helbostad et al., 2007 [71]	pre-post	Low	22	77,2	78,2	Bilateral sit-to-stand	Between 5 and 15 min	Until exhaustion	Overground at 7-m long walkway	DB	5 (2)
										Reg	4 (2)
										ST	1
										Vel	1
Hurt et al., 2010 [72]	pre-post	Low	11	63,6	60,6	Walking: self selected speed	10	NI	Treadmill	DB	4
Ko, Hausdorff & Ferucci, 2010 [73]	pre-post	Moderate	183	48	73	Walking: different trails	30	NI	Overground at 10-m long walkway	DB	1
										ST	2
										Sym	1
										Vel	1
Kushioka, Sun et al., 2022 [74]	Prolonged activity	Low	7	50	65,9	Walking: 6-min walking test	6	NI	Overground at 20-m long walkway	Reg	12
										ST	6
										Sym	5
										Vel	1
Morrison et al., 2016 [75]	pre-post	Low	15 (group 60–69)	53,3	64,2	Walking: Treadmill walking	3 × 5 min	16.4 b	Overground at 20-ft long walkway	ST	1 (1)
			15 (group 60–69)	53,3	64,2	Walking: Treadmill walking	3 × 5 min	16.4 b	Overground at 20-ft long walkway	Vel	1 (1)
			15 (Group 70–79)	53,3	74,5	Walking: Treadmill walking	3 × 5 min	15.36 b	Overground at 20-ft long walkway	ST	1 (1)
			15 (Group 70–79)	53,3	74,5	Walking: Treadmill walking	3 × 5 min	15.36 b	Overground at 20-ft long walkway	Vel	1 (1)
Nagano et al., 2014 [8]	pre-post	Low	11	NI	74,2	Walking: self- selected maximum speed	6	12.1b (average during activity)	Treadmill	DB	2
										LLK	2 (2)
										ST	2
										Sym	2
Odonkor et al., 2020 [76]	Prolonged activity	Low	5	50	67,8	Walking: self selected speed	10	NI	Overground	Reg	12
										ST	6
										Sym	5
										Vel	1
Oliveira et al., 2017 [77]	pre-post	Low	23	NI	71,1	Walking: Fast walking	20	NI	Treadmill	DB	2 (1)
										LLK	6 (2)
										Reg	8
										ST	3 (2)
Pereira & Gonçalves, 2011 [78]	Prolonged activity	Low	8	100	72,6	Walking: self selected speed	20	NI	Treadmill	ST	2 (2)
Piche et al., 2023 [79]	pre-post	Low	20	NI	75,8	Bilateral sit-to-stand	NI	NI	Overground at 10-m long walkway	Reg	4
										ST	6
										Sym	3
										Vel	1
Qiao et al., 2022 [80]	Prolonged activity	Moderate	59 (day 1 Fast paced)	55,6	78,3	Walking: 400 m fast-paced walking	5,49	NI	Overground at 20-m long walkway	ST	1
Qiao et al., 2022 [80]	Prolonged activity	Moderate	56 (day 2 Normal paced)	55,6	78,3	Walking: 400 m self-selected speed	6,35	NI	Overground at 20-m long walkway	ST	1
Rocha dos Santos et al., 2016 [81]	pre-post	Low	10 (Active)	NI	67,5	Bilateral sit-to-stand	6,81	17.5 b	Overground at 8-m long walkway	DB	1
										ST	2
										Sym	1
										Vel	1
			10 (Inactive)	NI	71,4	Bilateral sit-to-stand	2,04	19.2 b	Overground at 8-m long walkway	DB	1
										ST	2
										Sym	1
										Vel	1
Rocha dos Santos et al., 2019 [82]	pre-post	Low	12	40	71	Bilateral sit-to-stand	4,47	19.58 b	Treadmill	DB	7 (1)
										Reg	3 (1)
										ST	4 (3)
Rocha dos Santos et al., 2020 [83]	pre-post	Low	12	41,7	71	Bilateral sit-to-stand	4,47	18 b	Treadmill	DB	1
Rocha dos Santos et al., 2020 [83]	pre-post	Low	12	41,7	71	Bilateral sit-to-stand	4,47	18 b	Treadmill	ST	4
Toebes et al., 2014 [84]	pre-post	Low	10	60	63,4	unilateral knee bending	NI	Until exhaustion	Treadmill	DB	5
										Reg	3
										ST	6
										Sym	1
Vreede et al., 2013 [85]	pre-post	Low	11	16,7	68	Walking: 6-min walking test	6	9.2 b	Overground at 10-m long walkway	LLK	6 (3)
										ST	2
										Vel	1 (1)
Watanabe, 2018 [86]	Prolonged activity	Low	6 (Old with falling)	0	69	Walking: self selected speed	20	NI	Treadmill	LLK	1
										ST	2
										Sym	2
			7 (Old without falling)	0	73,3	Walking: self selected speed	20	NI	Treadmill	LLK	1 (1)
										ST	2
										Sym	2
Wong, Lam & Lee, 2020 [87]	Prolonged activity	Moderate	16	31,2	70	Walking: self selected speed	30	NI	Overground at 10-m long walkway	ST	3
										Sym	4 (1)
										Vel	1
							60	NI	Overground at 10-m long walkway	ST	3
										Sym	4 (1)
										Vel	1
Zhang et al., 2023 [88]	Prolonged activity	Low	18	50	60,4	Walking: Brisk walking	60	6.78 a	Treadmill	LLK	1
										ST	2 (2)
										Sym	4

a = (Perceived) intensity measured by CR-10, b = (Perceived) intensity measured by CR-20, DB Dynamic Balance, ES Effect sizes, LLK Lower Limb Kinematics, NI no information, Reg Regularity, ST Spatio-temporal Parameters, Sym Symmetry, Vel Veloci

Back to article page

ISSN: 1861-6909

Contact us

General enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com